How to Efficiently Perform PHP Database Migration and Synchronization with ThinkORM

How to Easily Perform Database Migration and Synchronization Using ThinkORM

Database migration and synchronization are crucial tasks in development to ensure data consistency and facilitate team collaboration. This article introduces how to use ThinkORM, a lightweight yet powerful ORM framework, to quickly accomplish database migration and synchronization.

1. What Are Database Migration and Synchronization

Database migration refers to transferring the database structure and data from one environment to another, typically from development to production or between servers. The main goal is to ensure data integrity and consistency.

Data synchronization is the process of maintaining consistent data across multiple databases. It is commonly used for multi-team collaboration or coordinating data among multiple servers, aiming to minimize data conflicts and keep data unified.

2. Why Choose ThinkORM

1. Easy to use: ThinkORM offers a clean and intuitive API for simplified data migration and synchronization.
2. Command-line tool: Manage migration tasks effortlessly with a built-in CLI tool supporting automation.
3. Supports multiple databases: Compatible with major relational databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, as well as NoSQL databases such as MongoDB.
4. Automated handling of details: Automatically manages schema definitions, field types, and indexes, letting developers focus on business logic.

3. Installing and Configuring ThinkORM

1. Install ThinkORM:

   <span class="fun">pip install thinkorm</span>

2. Configure database connection: Create a config.py file in your project directory and add:

   from thinkorm import Database
   <p>DB = Database({<br>
   'default': {<br>
   'engine': 'mysql',<br>
   'host': 'localhost',<br>
   'port': 3306,<br>
   'user': 'root',<br>
   'password': 'password',<br>
   'database': 'test'<br>
   }<br>
   })

4. Creating a Migration File

1. Run the command to create a migration file:

   <span class="fun">thinkorm make:migration create_users_table</span>

2. A migration file will be generated in the migrations folder. Edit the up and down functions as follows:

   def up(db):
       db.create_table(
           'users', [
               db.column('id', 'integer', primary_key=True),
               db.column('name', 'string', length=50),
               db.column('email', 'string', length=100),
           ])
   <p>def down(db):<br>
   db.drop_table('users')

5. Executing the Migration

1. Run the following command to apply the migration, which creates the table in the database:

   <span class="fun">thinkorm migrate</span>

6. Rolling Back the Migration

1. Execute this command to undo the last migration and drop the related table:

   <span class="fun">thinkorm rollback</span>

7. Data Synchronization

1. Configure multiple database connections:

   from thinkorm import Database
   <p>DB = Database({<br>
   'default': {<br>
   'engine': 'mysql',<br>
   'host': 'localhost',<br>
   'port': 3306,<br>
   'user': 'root',<br>
   'password': 'password',<br>
   'database': 'test'<br>
   },<br>
   'backup': {<br>
   'engine': 'mysql',<br>
   'host': 'localhost',<br>
   'port': 3306,<br>
   'user': 'root',<br>
   'password': 'password',<br>
   'database': 'backup_test'<br>
   }<br>
   })

2. Perform synchronization by switching connections and executing operations:

   users = DB.table('users').select()
   <h1>Data synchronization</h1>
   <p>DB.backup.table('users').insert(users)</p>
   <h1>Data query</h1>
   <p>users_backup = DB.backup.table('users').select()

By following these steps, ThinkORM significantly simplifies database migration and synchronization workflows, improving development efficiency and data stability. Hope this guide helps you master ThinkORM with ease.