Current Location: Home> Latest Articles> Efficient Message Publishing and Subscription with PHP and RabbitMQ Tutorial

Efficient Message Publishing and Subscription with PHP and RabbitMQ Tutorial

M66 2025-06-07

How to Implement Message Publishing and Subscription Using PHP and RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ is a high-performance and reliable message queue system. Combined with PHP, a popular server-side scripting language, it becomes easy to implement message publishing and subscription functionality. This article will guide you step-by-step to integrate PHP with RabbitMQ, including clear example code to help you quickly set up a message delivery mechanism.

Installing RabbitMQ

First, install RabbitMQ on your server. You can download the appropriate installer from the official RabbitMQ website and follow the official documentation to complete installation and basic configuration.

Installing PHP's AMQP Extension

To operate RabbitMQ from PHP, you need the AMQP extension. You can install it using the following command:

<span class="fun">sudo apt-get install php-amqp</span>

Configuring RabbitMQ Connection Information

To connect to the RabbitMQ server, you need to configure the connection parameters. The example below uses the default local connection settings:

$connection = new AMQPConnection([
    'host' => 'localhost',
    'port' => '5672',
    'vhost' => '/',
    'login' => 'guest',
    'password' => 'guest'
]);

Declaring Exchange and Queue

In RabbitMQ, messages are routed from exchanges to queues. The exchange handles message distribution, and the queue stores messages and makes them available to consumers.

The following example declares an exchange named test_exchange and a queue named test_queue:

$channel = $connection->channel();
<p>$channel->exchange_declare('test_exchange', 'fanout', false, false, false);</p>
<p>list($queue_name, ,) = $channel->queue_declare('test_queue', false, false, true, false);</p>
<p>$channel->queue_bind($queue_name, 'test_exchange');

Publishing and Subscribing to Messages

Now, publish a message and subscribe to it through the specified queue. Here is an example:

$message = 'Hello, RabbitMQ!';
<p>$channel->basic_publish(<br>
new AMQPMessage($message),<br>
'test_exchange',<br>
''<br>
);</p>
<p>echo " [x] Sent '$message'\n";</p>
<p>$channel->basic_consume(<br>
$queue_name,<br>
'',<br>
false,<br>
true,<br>
false,<br>
false,<br>
function($msg) {<br>
echo ' [x] Received ', $msg->body, "\n";<br>
}<br>
);</p>
<p>while (count($channel->callbacks)) {<br>
$channel->wait();<br>
}

Running the Example Code

Save the above code to a PHP file, for example example.php, and run it from the terminal:

<span class="fun">php example.php</span>

You will see output showing the message publishing and subscription, indicating the message delivery system is working successfully.

Summary

This article introduced how to implement message publishing and subscription by combining PHP with RabbitMQ, covering detailed steps from environment setup to code implementation. With RabbitMQ’s high-performance message queue system, PHP applications can achieve flexible and reliable messaging, providing a solid foundation for complex distributed systems.

Related