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Dans le développement Web, l'affichage des graphiques est une partie importante de l'expérience interactive de l'utilisateur. En tant que type de graphique commun, les graphiques annulaires sont largement utilisés dans les scénarios de visualisation des données avec leurs effets d'affichage concis et intuitifs. Si vous souhaitez générer des graphiques annulaires en PHP, la fonction ImageFildArc sera une bonne aide pour vous. Ci-dessous, nous vous apprendrons à utiliser la bibliothèque GD en PHP pour créer des effets de graphes annulaires à travers une série d'étapes.
Tout d'abord, nous devons nous assurer que votre environnement PHP prend déjà en charge la bibliothèque GD, car ImageFildArc fait partie de la bibliothèque GD. Vous pouvez vérifier si la bibliothèque GD est activée en suivant le code suivant:
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">if</span></span><span> (</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">function_exists</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'gd_info'</span></span><span>)) {
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-string">"GDLa bibliothèque est activée"</span></span><span>;
} </span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">else</span></span><span> {
</span><span><span class="hljs-keyword">echo</span></span><span> </span><span><span class="hljs-string">"GDBibliothèque non activée"</span></span><span>;
}
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>Si la bibliothèque GD n'est pas activée, vous devez l'installer et l'activer, l'ajuster généralement dans le fichier de configuration PHP ou l'installation d'extensions pertinentes sur le serveur.
Lorsque vous utilisez la bibliothèque GD , la première étape consiste généralement à créer une toile. La toile peut être créée via la fonction ImageCreateTrueColor () , qui renverra un objet en toile vierge, que nous pouvons effectuer diverses opérations de dessin dessus.
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Réglez la largeur et la hauteur de la toile</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$width</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-number">400</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$height</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-number">400</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Créer une toile</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecreatetruecolor</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$width</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$height</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Remplissez l'arrière-plan de couleur</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$backgroundColor</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecolorallocate</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Blanc</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagefill</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$backgroundColor</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>Ensuite, utilisez la fonction ImageFouledArc () pour dessiner le graphique de la bague. Cette fonction peut dessiner un arc rempli, et nous créons un effet de graphique en anneau en définissant différents angles de démarrage et de fin.
<span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagefilledarc</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cx</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cy</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$width</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$height</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$start</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$end</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$color</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$style</span></span><span>);
</span></span>$ Image : Ressource Canvas
$ cx, $ cy : coordonnées centrales
$ Largeur, $ Hauteur : la largeur et la hauteur du cercle
$ start, $ fin : l'angle de début et de fin de l'arc (unité: degrés)
$ Couleur : Couleur de remplissage
$ Style : Draw Style, créez des arcs remplis à l'aide d' IMG_ARC_PIE
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Régler la couleur</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$black</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecolorallocate</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$blue</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecolorallocate</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$green</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecolorallocate</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Coordonnées centrales</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cx</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$width</span></span><span> / </span><span><span class="hljs-number">2</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cy</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$height</span></span><span> / </span><span><span class="hljs-number">2</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Dessiner un schéma annulaire</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagefilledarc</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cx</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cy</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">120</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$blue</span></span><span>, IMG_ARC_PIE); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Zone bleue</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagefilledarc</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cx</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cy</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">120</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">240</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$green</span></span><span>, IMG_ARC_PIE); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Zone verte</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagefilledarc</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cx</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cy</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">240</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">360</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$black</span></span><span>, IMG_ARC_PIE); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Zone noire</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>Une fois que vous avez terminé le dessin, vous pouvez choisir d'afficher l'image directement sur la page Web ou l'enregistrer en tant que fichier. Définissez le type de contenu sur le type d'image via la fonction d'en-tête () , puis utilisez des fonctions telles que imagepng () ou imagejpeg () pour sortir l'image.
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Définissez le type de contenu sur PNG image</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">header</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'Content-Type: image/png'</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 输出image到浏览器</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagepng</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 保存image到文件</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// imagepng($image, 'donut_chart.png');</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>Pour enregistrer la mémoire, après avoir généré des images, n'oubliez pas de détruire les ressources d'image:
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagedestroy</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>En combinant toutes les étapes, voici un exemple complet de code de génération de graphiques RING PHP:
<span><span><span class="hljs-meta"><?php</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Créer une toile</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$width</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-number">400</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$height</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-number">400</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecreatetruecolor</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$width</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$height</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Remplissez l'arrière-plan de couleur</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$backgroundColor</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecolorallocate</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Blanc</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagefill</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$backgroundColor</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Régler la couleur</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$black</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecolorallocate</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$blue</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecolorallocate</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$green</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagecolorallocate</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">255</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Coordonnées centrales</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cx</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$width</span></span><span> / </span><span><span class="hljs-number">2</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cy</span></span><span> = </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$height</span></span><span> / </span><span><span class="hljs-number">2</span></span><span>;
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Dessiner un schéma annulaire</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagefilledarc</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cx</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cy</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">0</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">120</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$blue</span></span><span>, IMG_ARC_PIE); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Zone bleue</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagefilledarc</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cx</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cy</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">120</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">240</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$green</span></span><span>, IMG_ARC_PIE); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Zone verte</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagefilledarc</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cx</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$cy</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">300</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">240</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-number">360</span></span><span>, </span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$black</span></span><span>, IMG_ARC_PIE); </span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Zone noire</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// Définissez le type de contenu sur PNG image</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">header</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-string">'Content-Type: image/png'</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 输出image到浏览器</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagepng</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-comment">// 销毁image资源</span></span><span>
</span><span><span class="hljs-title function_ invoke__">imagedestroy</span></span><span>(</span><span><span class="hljs-variable">$image</span></span><span>);
</span><span><span class="hljs-meta">?></span></span><span>
</span></span>Grâce aux étapes ci-dessus, vous avez maîtrisé comment utiliser la fonction ImageFildArc pour dessiner un simple diagramme d'anneau. Vous pouvez ajuster les paramètres tels que la couleur, l'angle et la taille en fonction des besoins réels pour créer un diagramme circulaire qui répond à vos besoins. Dans des applications complexes, les graphiques Ring peuvent également être combinés avec des données dynamiques pour mettre à jour le contenu du graphique en temps réel et améliorer l'expérience utilisateur.
J'espère que ce tutoriel peut vous aider à réaliser des effets de graphe de ring dans les projets PHP et à améliorer encore vos capacités de visualisation des données!
