Use curl_share to optimize request behavior in CDN scenarios

curl_share_init is a function in the PHP cURL extension that allows multiple cURL handles to share the same resource. Specifically, using curl_share_init can allow multiple cURL requests to share data connections, cookie information, DNS resolution cache, etc. In this way, duplicate network connection overhead can be effectively reduced and performance can be improved, especially when handling a large number of concurrent requests.

In CDN optimization scenarios, there are usually multiple requests that need to be processed simultaneously, especially when resources need to be requested from multiple sources. By rationally utilizing the curl_share_init function, developers can avoid establishing independent connections for each request, thereby reducing latency and improving the efficiency of resource sharing.

2. Basic steps to using curl_share_init

The basic steps to improve request performance using curl_share_init are as follows:

2.1 Initialize the shared handle

First, we need to initialize a shared handle using curl_share_init . This handle will be shared by multiple cURL requests, allowing them to share certain resources between them.

 $share = curl_share_init();

2.2 Configuring shared resources

After initializing the shared handle, we can select the type of resource we need to share. For example, cookies, DNS caches, etc. can be shared. Here are examples of sharing cookies:

 curl_share_setopt($share, CURLSHOPT_COOKIE, 'cookie.txt');

2.3 Create multiple cURL requests and associate shared handles

Next, we need to create multiple cURL requests and associate them with the shared handles. By doing so, these requests can share the same resources.

 $ch1 = curl_init("https://m66.net/resource1");
curl_setopt($ch1, CURLOPT_SHARE, $share);

$ch2 = curl_init("https://m66.net/resource2");
curl_setopt($ch2, CURLOPT_SHARE, $share);

2.4 Execute request

With curl_multi_exec we can execute multiple requests simultaneously. cURL will automatically manage the concurrent execution of multiple requests, leveraging shared resources to optimize performance.

 $mh = curl_multi_init();
curl_multi_add_handle($mh, $ch1);
curl_multi_add_handle($mh, $ch2);

do {
    $status = curl_multi_exec($mh, $active);
    if ($active) {
        curl_multi_select($mh);
    }
} while ($active && $status == CURLM_OK);

curl_multi_remove_handle($mh, $ch1);
curl_multi_remove_handle($mh, $ch2);
curl_multi_close($mh);

2.5 Close the shared handle

When all requests are executed, the last step is to close the shared handle to free the resource.

 curl_share_close($share);

3. Advantages of curl_share_init

3.1 Reduce resource consumption

In traditional HTTP requests, each request will create a network connection, load DNS resolution, load cookies, etc. With curl_share_init , these resources can be shared by multiple requests, reducing duplicate operations and resource consumption.

3.2 Improve concurrency performance

By using curl_share_init and curl_multi_exec , developers can handle multiple requests simultaneously in one script. This concurrency processing method can significantly improve the response speed when processing a large number of requests, and is especially suitable for high concurrency scenarios in CDN optimization.

3.3 Reduce the delay in connection establishment

Through a shared network connection, curl_share_init can reduce the connection establishment time per request. For static resource requests in CDN optimization scenarios, reducing the delay in connection establishment can effectively improve resource loading speed.

4. Best practices for using curl_share_init

In practical applications, the following suggestions help to achieve optimal performance:

• Reasonably set the shared resource type : selectively share resources according to actual needs. Too much sharing can bring unnecessary performance burden.

• Close the shared handle in time : Ensure that when shared resources are no longer needed, the shared handle is closed in time to free up system resources.

• Avoid sharing of sensitive information : When sharing resources, be careful to avoid sharing resources that may leak sensitive information, such as authentication information.

5. Conclusion

By rationally utilizing the curl_share_init function, PHP developers can significantly improve request performance and resource sharing efficiency in CDN optimization scenarios. This function provides an efficient way to reduce duplicate network connection overhead and resource consumption, especially when handling large numbers of concurrent requests, which can significantly improve response speed and performance. As the performance requirements of Internet applications continue to improve, mastering and applying these optimization techniques will bring developers a better user experience and a more efficient system architecture.