substr

Definition and usage

substr() function returns part of the string.

Note: If the start parameter is a negative number and length is less than or equal to start , then length is 0.

Example

Example 1

Return "world" from the string:

 <?php
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 6 ) ;
?>

Try it yourself

Example 2

Use start parameters with different positive and negative numbers:

 <?php
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 10 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 1 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 3 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 7 ) . "<br>" ;

echo substr ( "Hello world" , - 1 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , - 10 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , - 8 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , - 4 ) . "<br>" ;
?>

Try it yourself

Example 3

Use start and length parameters with different positive and negative numbers:

 <?php
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 0 , 10 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 1 , 8 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 0 , 5 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 6 , 6 ) . "<br>" ;

echo substr ( "Hello world" , 0 , - 1 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , - 10 , - 2 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , 0 , - 6 ) . "<br>" ;
echo substr ( "Hello world" , - 2 - 3 ) . "<br>" ;
?>

Try it yourself

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